TJBI上海田家炳中学国际部书斋科普系列|[历史上的这周-第三期] 疫苗——人类与微生物的和解之路
人物长廊 Profile in Science
路易·巴斯德
1822-1895
Louis Pasteur
路易·巴斯德出生于法国杜勒一个小镇的教堂制度家庭，他的学生生涯并不顺利，年轻时曾因情绪低落而艺术成绩不佳。然而，他对化学的热情让他走上了科学之路。他的发现液体水晶体的旋光性引发了对分子结构的深入研究，而对发酵过程的研究则彻底改变了人类对微生物的理解。
巴斯德发现微生物引起发酵，而不是自然发酵，这一发现彻底推翻了自然发生说。
Louis Pasteur was born into a modest family in Dole,France. His academic journey was not smooth; hestruggled with art as a young man due to depression.
However, his passion for chemistry led him to science.His discovery of molecular chirality initiated deep research into molecular structure, while his studies on
fermentation revolutionized humanity's understanding of microorganisms. Pasteur discovered that microorganisms
巴斯德最令人钦佩的是他将科学研究与实际应用紧密结合的能力。他不满足于在实验室中发现真理，而是坚持将发现转化为救人的工具。他研发的巴氏消毒法(加热杀菌)
至今仍是食品安全的基础技术之一。巴斯德的人生展示了科学家的社会责任感一-科学不仅是追求真理，更是改善人类命运的力量。
What is most admirable about Pasteur is his ability to tightly integrate scientific research with practical application. He was not content with discovering truths in the laboratory; he insisted on transforming discoveries into tools that save lives. His pasteurization method remains a foundational food safety technology. Pasteur's life demonstrates a scientist's sense of social responsibility-science is not only the pursuit of truth but also a force to improve human destiny.
4
Echoes of Civilization
文明回响
疫苗的发明是人类史上最伟大的成就之一。据估计，疫苗每年救敛数百万生命，是继干净饮水之后对人类寿命延长贡献最大的医学干预。然而，疫苗的发展也不是一帆风顺的。从早期的反疫苗运动到当下的疫苗犹豫，人类对疫苗的信任一直在波动。这提醒我们:科学技术的发展离不开公众科学素养的提升。一个健康的社会需要科学家与公众之间建立信任的桥梁。
特别是在全球化的今天，疫病的传播不认国界，疫苗的研发和分配也应该超越国界。这正是科学与文明交汇的最佳写照。
Vaccination is one of humanity's greatest achievements. Estimates suggest vaccines save millions of lives annually, representing the most significant medical intervention for extending human lifespan after clean water.However, vaccine development has not been without challenges.
From early anti-vaccine movements to contemporary vaccine hesitancy, public trust in vaccines has fluctuated.
This reminds us: technological development is inseparable from public scientific literacy. A healthy society requires bridges of trust between scientists and the public. In today's globalized world, disease knows no borders, and vaccine research and distribution must transcend national boundaries-this is the best embodiment of where science meets civilization.
Thought Experiment
05
思想实验
如果一种新型病毒突然出现，你是否愿意成为第一个接种实验性疫苗的人? 你的决定会受到哪些因素的影响?当个人利益与公共利益冲突时，我们应如何权衡? If a novel virus suddenly emerged,would you be willing to be the first person to receive an experimental vaccine? What factors would influence your decision? When individual interests conflict with public good, how should we balance them?
This Week's Message
本周寄语
“疫苗不仅仅是科学的胜利，更是人类与自然和解的象征。当我们接种疫苗时，我们不仅仅在保护自己，更是在届行对全人类的责任。
”
"Vaccination is not merely a scientific triumph but a symbol of humanity's reconciliation with nature. When we receive a vaccine, we are not only protecting ourselves but fulfilling our responsibility to all of humanity."
附录Appendix
词汇表 Glossary
疫苗 Vaccine|免疫学lmmunology|减毒Attenuation|卡介菌病
疫苗 BCG|巴氏消毒法 Pasteurization|指纹识别Fingerprint
Identification
延伸书单 Further Reading
1.《徽菌与牛痘》作者:德温| The Mold in Dr. Florey's Coat by
Eric Lax
2.《疫苗的历史》作者:安德鲁·韦斯曼|The Vaccine Race by
Meredith Wadman
3.《巴斯德传》作者:帕特里克·弗拉德|Pasteur: A Life by
Patrick Forad
本周金句 Quote of the Week
“机会偏爱有准备的头脑。”--路易·巴斯德|"Chance favors
the prepared mind."- Louis Pasteur
上海田家炳中学国际部
